Hydroxocobalamin is a precursor of methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin, which are the active forms of vitamin B12. The FDA-approved form of intravenous (IV) hydroxocobalamin is used for the treatment of cyanide poisoning. Hydroxocobalamin is particularly useful in the treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency secondary to conditions that impair the absorption of vitamin B12 from the GI tract, including malabsorption and pernicious anemia. It is also an antidote in cases of cyanide poisoning, including nutritional optic neuropathy (a visual disorder caused by tobacco that contained cyanide). It may also be part of therapy to treat Leber optic atrophy (an inherited optic neuropathy associated with a deficiency in vitamin B12).

Clinicians use it in the prevention and treatment of macrocytic anemia associated with vitamin B12 deficiency.

Hydroxocobalamin is a form of manufactured, injectable vitamin B12.

Explain the importance of collaboration and communication amongst the interprofessional team to improve outcomes for patients receiving hydroxocobalamin.

Review the appropriate monitoring for patients using hydroxocobalamin.

Describe the potential adverse effects of hydroxocobalamin.

Identify the mechanism of action of hydroxocobalamin.

This activity will highlight the mechanism of action, adverse event profile, and other key factors (e.g., off-label uses, dosing, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, monitoring, relevant interactions) pertinent for members of the interprofessional team) in the treatment of patients with vitamin B12 deficiency and related conditions. This activity outlines the indications, action, and contraindications for hydroxocobalamin as a valuable agent in managing macrocytic anemia and acute cyanide toxicity. Hydroxocobalamin is a medication used in the management and treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency and acute cyanide toxicity.

Hydroxocobalamin for cyanide poisoning